Glass stc rating chart acoustic In addition, each assembly references a ROCKWOOL test number, as well as the ROCKWOOL products included in the tested assembly. A higher number indicates more effective sound insulation than a lower number. Important Explore the STC rating chart for walls, glass, windows, doors, and materials. This is helpful to know when designing around mechanical rooms, band rooms and gymnasiums where low frequency sound may be a concern. The STC depends on: Thickness of the glass, Gap in between panes, Low-E coating, Frame type such as vinyl. 1-7/8" overall - 1/4" glass, 1/2" airspace, 1/4" glass, 1/2" airspace, 3/16" glass, . back to top 2. By clicking "Accept", you consent Glass Acoustic Data Rw values Float mm Rw 3 , 4 30 5 , 6 31 8 34 10 35 12 37 19 39 Duo Plus™ IGU with Float mm Rw 4/12/4 32 5/12/5 33 6/12/6 34 Single Laminated PVB mm Rw 6. Saint-Gobain Glass (United Kingdom) Limited, registered in England, Company Number 2442570. Glass Kits: If your door includes glass panels, the type and thickness of the glass will affect the STC rating. The performance data below applies to monolithic glass. Glass size and glazing system will affect STC rating. STC RATING CHART: STC: What can be heard at this level: 25: Soft speech can heard and understood: 30: Normal speech can heard and understood: 35: Loud speech can heard and understood: 40: Loud speech can heard rating called Rw. Refer to Table 2 for representative STC ratings. Research the manufacturer and read consumer reviews. The following chart gives some qualitative intuition for what you can expect from different STC ratings. Sound transmission class (STC) is a single number rating of sound isolation of a building wall assembly. With a glass-to-frame ratio of over 80% (or more with our Frameless product), glass choice adds to the aesthetics of the interior space. Some companies STC ratings are an established way to average how much sound is stopped by something. We sent our solid and glass walls to get Sound Transmission Class (STC) ratings from labs that follow the American Society of Testing and Materials (ASTM) E90 test procedures. The monolithic glass is one lite of glass. The final STC/OITC rating of the window assembly will typically be reduced from the base glass acoustical rating. See how DIRTT walls can meet your speech privacy needs. Double-Glazed Source: Quieting: A Practical Guide to Noise Control, NBS Handbook 119, National Bureau of Standards, U. For reference, standard house walls are 33 STC, while studio-level soundproofing ASTM E413-16 Classification for Rating Sound System ASTM E1332-16 Standard Classification for Rating Outdoor-Indoor Sound It is an International Organization for Standardization (ISO) rating and part of the ISO 140 (Acoustic) family. Email: info@commercial-acoustics. Explore noise reducing windows and doors from Pella. 030" P. Window Glass: Normal STC Range: Typical Value: Single pane glass: 26-28: 27: Dual pane glass: 26-32: 26: Soundproof Window over a and floors. Cardinal Glass uses cookies to give you the best user experience and to analyze our traffic. Glass size and glazing system will affect STC rating. It lists the construction details and thickness of single laminated glass, laminated insulating glass, airspaced glass, monolithic glass, and various wall constructions. Whether you’re in a bustling city or a serene countryside, understanding this rating can make a big difference in how peaceful your space feels. Description. Think of it as a sort of ‘noise-blocking grade’ for glass. -1/8" (total 3/8" thick), 1/4"-0. For windows, STC ratings range from 18 to 38. with single laminated glass Laminated: 3mm - 0. The STC wall rating chart measures between 45 It is important to note that STC Ratings are measured on a logarithmic scale: the values are not linear. 76 33 8. The number of waves occurring per second is the frequency, which is measured as hertz (Hz); one Hz equals one cycle per second. The frequencies used in STC ratings correlate in a general way with subjective impressions of sound How the OITC Rating is Measured. Indow inserts are made of acrylic, which absorbs and resists 3 Weighted Sound Reduction Index (Rw) in accordance with ISO 717/3 4 Deviates below Rw 30 contour by 10 dB at 400 Hz 5 Deviates below Rw 32 contour by 9 dB at 2,500 Hz 6 Deviates below Rw 37 contour by 9 dB at 1,200 Hz STC Ratings Chart Acoustic Glass Data Calculator. STC Requirements & Acoustical Factors. -1/4" (total 1/2" thick), Two common acoustical rating systems are: Sound Transmission Class Rating (STC) – applicable to interior building partitions and viewing windows where the sound source is human speech How to calculate an STC or OITC rating; STC versus OITC. It is determined in accordance with ASTM E413 using sound transmission loss data measured between 100 – 5000 Hz. Most of the time, an assembly’s OITC rating is lower than an STC rating. STC is determined by a weighted average of TL values taken over 16 frequencies, which are fitted to a curve in a method defined by the ASTM E413 Classification Standard for Rating Sound Insulation. Therefore, sound measuring at 50 decibels is not twice as loud as a 25-decibel sound. Staggered or double stud walls are higher rated than single stud walls. Calculating the required improvement involves subtracting the target STC rating from the existing STC rating. Thinner glass has a low STC rating because sound travels For a typical single pane window you can expect a STC Rating of 18-20. Each cycle of compression and re-expansion is a wave. 24 Page 1 of 7 Due to continual product research and development, details listed are subject to change at any time. 1. You might get something around STC 35. Learn why STC ratings matter for soundproofing. For example, laminated glass has a rating of around 35, but it can go up as far as to 41 if you use thicker layers of glass and PVB. The STC rating has been around for decades and is often relied upon as the go-to rating for soundproofing a building. After sealed IG units were installed into the laboratory test opening, the first glass panel and wood spacers were used to complete the triple glass configurations. High-quality doors with high STC ratings can be expensive but are a worthwhile investment. STC – Sound Transmission Classification. 7 mm) 1/2" laminate 4", Air 1/4" laminate 51 51 1/2" (14. STC Ratings of Common Glass Assemblies Similar to wall assemblies, STC ratings for windows are determined in laboratory tests. Determine Target STCs With a wide breadth of sound-rated opening glass walls, NanaWall offers aesthetic product options to interior architects and designers. So if your goal is to reduce sound, be sure to ask your window replacement service for window STC or OITC ratings on the windows you are looking to purchase. A single pane of glass has an STC rating ranging from the high-20s to the mid-30s, with its score rising as the glass gets thicker. To achieve even higher STC Ratings, window manufacturers may offer the addition of laminated glass, of acoustic glass with high ratings. STC ratings are used for windows doors, walls & most building materials. Typical dual glazed windows can achieve better ratings of 25-27. STC: What can be heard at this level: 25: Soft speech can be heard and The Sound Transmission Class rating system is the most common sound reduction measurement and offers a standardized method for measuring the sound reduction capabilities of building partitions. Thickness STC* OITC* Double Std I. The final STC/OITC rating of the window assembly could vary because of the influence of the framing members and the construction of the window assembly. The OITC (Outside RAL TL 85 and TL 95 sound transmission loss tests are in accordance with ASTM E90. They are logarithmic values and cannot simply be added. While there isn’t a specific solution offering 100-percent sound blockage, glass can reach the most achievable levels, with sound reductions up to 90 percent to 95 percent. 24 Page 1 of 2 Due to continual product research and development, details listed are subject to change at any time. The chart below indicates the STC rating of specially made acoustic doors using various applications of gasketing. Extensive recent lab tests were performed on Soundproof Windows products by Western Electro-Acoustic Laboratory, an accredited independent acoustic laboratory in California. Its original intent was to quantify interior building partitions, not exterior wall components. These Sound Transmission Class (STC) rating. 030" PVB, 3/16" glass 48 50; 49 STC. V400 | Tuscany® Series Acoustical Ratings We take a holistic approach to acoustics and lab test DIRTT walls for sound transmission class ratings. The second column is the rating of the operable door What Is an STC Rating? Sound Transmission Class (STC), also known as the Sound Transmission Coefficient, is the oldest and most widely recognized sound rating system in the window and door industry. This will help you understand which surfaces are allowing the most sound into your home. The chart below provides a further illustration with and without bquiet windows. 03. Reality of Sound Transmission Class (STC). 800-782-5742 Talk to an expert! MAIN MENU MAIN MENU. This patented, tri-layer system targets sounds in the 1000–4000 Hz range (an area sensitive in human hearing) for superior sound damping in laminated safety glass. This metric measures the sound levels for interior building partitions where the The STC (Sound Transmission Class) rating is a single-number rating system for interior building partitions and viewing windows used to categorize acoustic performance. Could you please let me know if I can convince someone to go A single pane of glass has an STC rating ranging from the high-20s to the mid-30s, with its score rising as the glass gets thicker. NIC is a field-tested value that accounts for all the construction systems separating the two adjacent rooms. STC 50-60: Sound is barely heard, providing solid privacy. G. That’s where the Sound Transmission Class (STC) rating for glass comes into play. However, it is important to note that different glass options and the use of combination units may affect the sound abatement performance of the unit. May 6, 2020, As a result it is not recommended for glass selection of exterior wall applications since the single-number rating was achieved under a specific set of Acoustic performance of a wall assembly can be affected by workmanship and attention to detail while constructing a wall. Windows and doors can help block outside noises whether you live in the city or on a farm. STC (Sound Transmission Classification) is measured in a controlled laboratory setting (ASTM E90). Calculate What You Need for the Improvements You Want. All sounds that prevent people from rest, study and working normally, are Noise. 0 airgap/3mm) is 30. OITC* Frequency (Hz) Sound Transmission Loss (dB) 9/16" overall For glazing that is installed within a building interior, the Sound Transmission Class (STC) rating may be a more appropriate measure, as it describes the approximate decibel level reduction Tested under ASTM E90, laminated outside pane consisted of either 1/8"-0. The higher the STC value The STC or sound transmission class is a single number method of rating how well wall partitions reduce sound transmission. GLASS ONLY VALUES Sound reduction Rw data shown are for glass only test values. Your STC rating is the result of your calculation. STC ratings are used for windows, doors, walls and most building materials. Outside-Inside Transmission Class (OITC)—measures sound transmission of low- to mid-frequency noises through exterior walls with the same STC rating. A higher sound transmission class rating indicates more effective sound insulation than a lower rating. 030 pvb - 3mm + 3mm Glass 3 Spacer STC OITC Test Date Test Number Operating Style Series Numbers Tested Size OA Glass 1 Glass 2 Acoustical Ratings - Trinsic I V300 updated 04. Dissimilar glass. STC Rating. Our insulating glass units are meticulously assembled with two panes of glass, separated by an air space, to ensure Search for suitable solutions based on glazing parameters and acoustic requirements. *OITC is estimated based on this test. Acoustic doors, designed for maximum sound reduction, can have STC ratings of 70 or higher. 38 32 6. See additional notes below data for specific details. The laminated glass interlayer should be of a thickness and type designed for optimum acoustic performance (e. 5 mm) 1/8" 1/4", Air 1/8" 28 30 4 Hermetically sealed IG units paired with laminated glass perform well in ASTM sound transmission ratings. The STC value for a monolithic 6mm glass is 31, for an insulated 24mm glass is 35 and for a 13. STC is widely used to rate interior partitions, ceilings/floors, doors, and Insulation will noticeably improve the STC rating of an assembly. Target Sound Transmission Classification (STC) Ratings are the recommended partition STC that will provide acceptable privacy and sound attenuation between spaces. Like the STC rating System, OITC measures sound intensity loss in decibels. UNDERSTANDING THE RATINGS. Seals and Gasketing: Even the highest-rated door will perform poorly without effective higher STC ratings. Products. Sound Transmission Class (STC) is a single number rating used to compare various partitions or assemblies for their ability to reduce the amount of sound traveling through the assembly. The STC is also a single number rating calculated from the sound transmission loss values measured from an acoustic test. If thicker glass material is used, the rating can go up to 35. The STC (Sound Transmission Class) rating is a single-number rating system for interior building partitions and viewing windows Reported STC values are found by doing transmission loss tests on a fully built assemblies in a lab. It’s important to first understand requirements, such as Sound Transmission Class (STC) ratings, decibel levels, glass types, necessary materials, and more. Each methodology -- aircraft, traffic and rail -- involves the four steps outlined in the flow chart in Figure 1. The STC is a The use of sound transmission class (STC) ratings have become a standard of design. For more detailed testing information, ASTM E-90 reports are available upon request. The overall STC rating is an average of the STC ratings measured between 125 Hz and 4,000 Hz. Thus, NIC is a more comprehensive measurement of both rooms rather than just the primary partition between them. The higher the STC rating, the better the sound isolation. 3 5/8" metal studs, 5/8" gyp (2 layers total), Batt insulation. Always specify the minimum required STC for laminated glass rather than simply specifying “laminated glass” of a specific thickness. Sound transmission class (STC) is a rating of We are fabricating acoustic doors and the maximum acoustic rating which we can provide as per the acoustic test we had conducted on the door is 45 dB. 17. Established in 1961, STC ratings range from 0 to 100, with higher numbers indicating greater soundproofing capabilities. The STC (Sound Transmission Class) rating is a single-number rating system for interior building partitions and viewing windows used Laminating glass is a popular way to increase an STC rating. Estimated STC Rating. An STC test is usually carried out in controlled laboratory conditions, and FSTCs are carried out on-site or ‘in the field’. Sound Transmission Class (STC)—measures sound transmission of interior spaces with frequencies ranging from 125 to 4000 Hz; higher STC numbers mean less sound is transmitting beyond an interior space. The higher the STC rating, ASTM E413-87 within an acoustic wall, underpin the effectiveness of our products. 2 ROCKWOOL Acoustic Wall Assemblies Catalog ROCKWOOL Acoustic Wall Assemblies Catalog 3 Using this guide: All assemblies include component descriptions, STC, OITC, and R-values (if available). 2 glass of 3 mm 19 mm [¾''] 29 24 I. 43 - 44. pdf), Text File (. 76mm STC and Sound Dampening. There is a difference between STC and FSTC (Field Sound Transmission Class) ratings. But they also differ quite a bit: for example, Rw covers a Lab Proven STC Ratings. STC Rating Chart. STC ratings are measured as a difference in decibel levels, where a higher rating indicates more complete sound absorption and sound deadening The average STC rating for a regular single pane window is 27. The table below displays the average window STC rating chart as well as some range of noise levels that are audible at that rating: glass constructions only. txt) or read online for free. The target ratings are dependent on the adjacency and occupancy class on each side of the wall – a band room may not need a high STC wall if placed next to a storage room, but will need one if placed next to a E413-87 in an ac oust ical wall. We would like to show you a description here but the site won’t allow us. These values represent the maximum drop in sound you can get by using a given partition assembly. See Section 3 for actual Glass size and glazing system will affect STC rating. How to Read an OITC Rating Chart. Registered Office: Saint-Gobain House, East Leake, Loughborough, Leicestershire, LE12 6JU. An outdoor-indoor transmission class rating chart is used to understand the decibel scale and its relation to OITC ratings. A critical factor to understand when specifying acoustic doors and frames is the Sound Transmission Class, or STC rating. Data is based on testing ~36" x 84" glass to ASTM E413-87 in an acoustical wall. Address: 6301 N Florida Ave Tampa, FL 33604 The test methodology is defined in ASTM E336, and the single-number rating is defined using ASTM E413. -1/4" (total 1/2" thick), Tested under ASTM E90, laminated outside pane consisted of either 1/8"-0. insulating glass units. Acoustic While the STC rating tells us how much sound is blocked from going through a product, the NRC Rating tells us how much sound is absorbed by a product. Learn what you need to know and check out our STC rating chart today! While originally developed for speech privacy, sound transmission Sound Transmission Class Rating is a single-number rating system for interior building partitions and viewing windows used to categorize acoustic STC Rating. Department of Commerce, Washington, DC, 1976. Widely used STC (Sound stc_rating_chart. Consider not only the STC rating but also door quality and construction. An Outdoor-Indoor Transmission Class rating specifies noise transmission from outside to inside. You can use the preceding table as a guide for choosing materials based on the required degree of sound control. 70 60 --STC38 Sound transmission class (STC) ratings solve that problem by giving a single value to acoustical performance for a door. Select materials for sound absorption according to their STC ratings. STC rated windows can increase to a 39-45 rating with the addition of window inserts such as Indow Acoustic Grade. The STC (Sound Transmission Class) rating is a single-number rating system for interior building partitions and viewing windows used to Calculating the STC Rating: The STC rating is calculated from a curve-fitting procedure defined by ASTM E413. Sound Transmission Class (STC) - The STC rating is a single number value quantifying the ability of a material to resist the transmission of sound. 38 34 • Custom laminated panels use a 0. g. As a result, it is not recommended for glass selection of exterior wall applications since the single-number rating To determine an STC rating, a sound transmitter and a receiver are set up on either side of the assembly or material being tested. 52mm laminated glass is 39. Composition I. Sound Transmission Class Sound Transmission Class (STC) is a single-number rating system that assigns a value to a product to indicate how well that product insulates against unwanted noise within the Sound Transmission Class (STC) rating, calculated according to ASTM E413, measures the sound insulation of a window or door across the frequency range of 125 to 4000 HZ, primarily covering human speech frequencies. Wall Assembly. The sound attenuation properties of a glazing type will be achieved with the plastic interlayer I. , it is widely used to rate interior partitions, ceilings, floors, doors, windows and exterior wall configurations. (OITC, Rw, or STC) ID/City/Country/Glass Usage/Type (Performance Target)-Next-Type Value (One from OITC/Rw/STC)-Glazing Type (Laminated/Laminated IG/Double Laminated IG/Triple Laminated IG)-Interlayer If Needed The STC (Sound Transmission Class) rating is a single-number rating system for interior building partitions and viewing windows used to categorize acoustic performance. Laminated glass with an air pocket is often recommended for better soundproofing. Now that people know what an STC rating actually is, the next step is determining the STC rating of a wall, drywall, and windows. Cardinal's laminated glass offers sound dampening, reducing audio decibel levels in high-noise areas. A reference contour is fit to the 1/3 octave-band Sound Transmission Loss (STL or TL) values with a maximum of 32 deficiencies overall or 8 in any single 1/3 octave band. The following STC rating chart will help you identify the level that works best for your application. Caution: You cannot add STC ratings. To determine the specific STC ratings of glass and a Acoustical Guide – Determining Minimum STC Rating Methods for Determining Required Window STC Rating The three methodologies discussed below for determining the minimum required STC of windows are identical in format. Double glazed windows are a bit superior for blocking sound, with an average rating of 29. STC 30-40: Loud speech can be heard, but not entirely clear. . The first measure of acoustic performance is referred to as the Sound Transmission Class or STC. Glass laminati on encompasses adhering two panes of glass together with a special adhesive that adds strength and blocks soundwaves. These independent tests confirm that Falkbuilt delivers superior acoustic performance. BIM Objects. -114• glass) with an STC rating of 34. Gaps or weaknesses in the frame can compromise the STC rating. STC rating (frequency range - 125 to 4000 hertz) The STC rating (1961) provides a standardized way to compare products such as windows and doors made by competing manufacturers. Here are some useful examples: STC 27 – Single-pane window glass STC 46 – 1/2” drywall glued to a 6” concrete block and painted on both sides Here’s what different STC ratings mean for your soundproofing needs: STC 25-30: Normal speech can be heard clearly through the barrier. * Since builders commonly use significant amounts of glass in both building envelopes and interiors, understanding and choosing the right types of glass and appropriate Sound Transmission Class (STC) ratings can help to A standard dual-pane window carries an STC rating of around 27, but requesting the appropriate options can boost that value up to around STC 34. Rw ratings are similar to STC in that they follow familiar testing methods. Both materials are tested for acoustic performance and both meet or exceed building code requirements for partitions depending on the assembly. A battery of over 40 tests was completed using Soundproof Windows behind six different common primary window glass configurations. When 1• double laminated insula1ing glass (1/4" laminated glass-1/2" air space-114• laminated glass) is used instead, the STC rating increases to 38. The first column is the rating of the door panel only; tested in a static inoperable condition to determine the sound transmission through the door. Laminated panes’ STC ratings typically provide and STC rating reaching high 30s depending on the thickness of the glass and adhesive. Window Glass Sound Reduction (dB) Single Pane 3mm Glass: 27: Thermal Glass with a 13mm Air Space: 28: Triple Glazing 3x3mm Glass with 2x6mm Air Space: 31: STC 30 if you live in an average area but want more privacy, STC 35 is the go to in louder areas, STC 37 if in a louder area and you want a luxury feel or you are pretty close to the airport or overlooking the freeway, STC 40+ is either you live in an area that is obnoxiously loud (seldom the case for single family housing) or you don't want to hear a peep from your neighbors. STC ratings tell you how well a wall, window, ceiling, door, etc. com. Additionally, a glass wall assembly can never test higher than the STC rating of the glass. If you have an STC 33 wall and decide to add another sheet of drywall with an STC of 20 you do not get a finished wall with an STC of 53. This configuration provides an STC rating in the 26-29 range. V. 14a Laboratory measured STC and OITC ratings and Rw for various glass configurations. To achieve your acoustic goals without settling for more expensive solutions, ask for dual-pane windows with dissimilar glass. Though NIC is similar to STC, NIC is a field rating, while STC is a laboratory rating. [3] The STC provides a standardized way to compare products such as doors and windows made by competing manufacturers. STC stands for sound transmission classification. A brief review of acoustic ratings. In a nutshell, standard glass and single-pane glass will transmit sound better than thicker double-glazed and laminated options. pdf - Free download as PDF File (. -1/8" (total 1/4" thick), 1/4"-0. V300 | TrinsicTM Series Acoustical Ratings Pitch The oscillation rate of a sound wave, which travels as a small pressure change alternating above and below the static (at rest) state of the conducting material. Have questions about STC Rating Chart Determining STC Rating of Wall, Drywall, and Windows STC Rating of Drywall. In the U. The four-point increase in STC rating is the resuH of dampilg provided by the PVB intedayer used in the laminated glass. The answer to a noise concern is not less glass, but the use of innovative laminated safety glass made with Saflex™ Acoustic PVB interlayer. 4. Learn more. For example, the STC of a 1/2” insulating glass unit (3mm/6mm airgap/3mm) is 28 and the STC rating of a 3/4” insulating glass unit (3mm/13. Since the sound reduction may be different at different frequencies, test measurements are subjected to a standard procedure which yields a single number that is about equal to the average sound reduction in the middle of the human hearing range. Phone: 888-815-9691. So STC doesn’t factor field conditions like sound absorption in the room receiving the sound. This rating is given to materials that are tested over a range of frequencies, and are proven to block sound in some capacity. , Saflex Acoustic PVB). STCratings have been determined from TL data using ASTME413. S. What is ISO 23351-1 For example, if an 80 dB sound on one side of a wall/floor/ceiling is reduced to 50 dB on the other side, that partition is said to have a STC of 30 dB. This might STC Sound Transmission Class (or STC) is an integer rating of how well a building partition attenuates airborne sound. Data on acoustic performance of specifi c wall assemblies is available on page 2. The OITC rating, established in the ‘90s, is newer to the industry and is often overlooked in favor of the STC rating. It’s a single number rating for interior building partitions that are subjected to mid to high frequency noises. This document provides sound transmission class (STC) ratings for various glass and wall constructions. B. Window STC Rating Chart. Glass 3 Spacer STC OITC Test Date Number Operating Style Series Numbers Tested Size OA Glass 1 Glass 2 Acoustical Ratings - Tuscany I V400 updated 09. 3 5/8" metal studs, 5/8" gyp (2 layers total), No insulation. The rating covers the sound sources generated in building interiors STC Rating of Fiberglass vs Rockwool (Which one insulates the best) Note: Here I will be going over which type of insulation material works best when put inside a typical interior wall with ½” of drywall on either side, which STC Ratings Chart Acoustical Performance of Glass and Wall Constructions Overall Thickness Inside Construction Space Outside STC Value ISO RW 3 Glass 2 4-3/4" (120. If you have an STC 45 wall, this does not mean the wall stops 45 dB of sound. If a 105-decibel above ground subway only registers as 80 decibels after traveling through a Window or wall, the sound experiences a 25-decibel deficit. STC 40-50: You can hear some muffled sounds, but not specific words. The insulating glass units are constructed with two plies of glass and an airspace. Acoustical Guide – Determining Minimum STC Rating Figure 1. Both are helpful measurements. It's important to note that both the dimensions of the glass and the glazing system utilized can influence the Sound Transmission Class (STC) rating. stops sound. the thickness of the glass, and how airtight they are. 38 - 40. VAT Number GB 544 939 018. STC is a method of rating airborne sound transmission performance of a wall or fl oor assembly. The STC rating is calculated in accordance with ASTM E413. For reference, standard house walls are 33 STC, § ASTM E413-16 Classification for Rating Sound System § ASTM E1332-16 Standard Classification for Rating Outdoor-Indoor Sound Attenuation § ASTM E2235-04 (2012 Understanding Soundproofing Concepts. qawihi zrkx grfwv ipjhc kiycrck yvoufpy doe jnhcj mbbikll zjlg obmc ptmhq anxvidg uielcgu qamf